Gout is a rheumatic disease caused by the deposition of uric acid salts in the joints. Clinical manifestations of the disease are pain, deformity of the affected joint, dysfunction and the formation of characteristic nodules (tophi).
Without treatment, the disease progresses over time and microcrystalline salt deposits begin to accumulate in internal organs. Most often, the kidneys are affected, leading to the development of pyelonephritis, kidney failure and other complications. Diagnosis is made based on symptoms and confirmed by puncture of the affected joint and X-rays. Treatment includes medication, special diets, and physical therapy.
Basic principles of the diet
An approximate menu is drawn up by the attending physician, individually for each patient, taking into account the form and severity of the disease, the presence of accompanying pathologies, the patient's age and the characteristics of the patient. his body.
The goal of the diet is to minimize uric acid levels in the body, which improves the patient's general health and improves quality of life. Foods should not contain purines, which after entering the body will be converted into uric acid.
You should add more fresh fruits and vegetables to your diet. The recipe is quite simple, the main thing is to prepare it correctly and not use ingredients from the list of prohibited foods.
Therapeutic nutrition helps patients at home to quickly improve overall health, reduce unpleasant symptoms and even prolong remission. Skipping the diet, eating a lot of spicy, fatty foods, alcohol (especially wine and beer), and coffee will quickly increase uric acid levels in the body, leading to another attack of the disease. Therefore, you need to follow a constant diet. Proper nutrition during remission and especially during exacerbations will help avoid the development of some serious complications.
The patient must always have in front of him a table of allowed foods, as well as recipes for various dishes. This will help create an optimal menu based on each patient's individual dietary preferences and taking into account the characteristics of their body.
It is important not only to use the right products, but also to follow a certain diet. You should eat food regularly but in small portions (split meals). Fasting and overeating are unacceptable, as this can provoke an attack of the disease. If you have excess weight, you need to get rid of it. But this should be done gradually, sudden weight loss can negatively affect health, especially if the person is not young.
We should not forget about the drinking regime. You need to drink at least one and a half liters of fluid per day (up to three liters during exacerbation). In addition to water, fruit drinks, mineral water, weak tea, fruit juices and rosehip decoctions are allowed to be consumed. It is better not to drink during meals, but between meals.
Prohibited products
You need to follow this diet throughout your life, not just during exacerbations. The diet should be as balanced as possible. Dairy products and vegetables are allowed. It is important to drink enough fluids, as this helps speed up the removal of excess uric acid from the body.
With the help of a diet, you can not only relieve the symptoms of the disease and reduce the frequency of exacerbations, but also normalize weight, reducing the load on affected joints. The main rule is to exclude foods rich in purines from the diet.
Including:
- cakes and pastries;
- Canned food;
- pea's tree;
- bake;
- viscera;
- processed meat products (sausages, sausages, etc. );
- fatty fish;
- chocolate;
- spicy, salty, smoked, pickled foods;
- fast food;
- mushroom;
- any alcohol, but especially wine and beer;
- cocoa, strong black tea, coffee.
If metabolic disorders occur based on diabetes or atherosclerosis, then it is necessary to carefully monitor the total calorie content of food, the amount of fatty foods, cholesterol and sugar levels.
Authorized product
The gout diet is based on the principles of a healthy diet, so it's not difficult to follow. The main thing is to get used to the changes in your diet. Then everything will be easier. Prohibited foods should be completely excluded.
Allowed products include:
- dietary meat (rabbit, chicken, turkey);
- eggs (small quantity);
- fermented milk products;
- vegetable oils (flaxseed and olive oils are the best options);
- Seafood;
- pasta, cereals;
- low-fat fish;
- Fresh fruits and vegetables are not on the list of banned foods;
- marmalade, marshmallows, marshmallows;
- candy without chocolate;
- dried fruits (except raisins);
- Honey.
It is important to understand that you will have to follow the above advice for the rest of your life. Violations of the diet and consumption of prohibited foods quickly make the disease worse.
Diet for gout: table number 6
Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure this disease, especially if its course is complicated by diabetes or obesity. However, following diet number 6, you can quickly alleviate exacerbations and reduce the frequency of relapses.
Nutritional characteristics of this diet:
- It is necessary to completely eliminate foods rich in purines and oxalic acid salts from the menu;
- it is necessary to limit salt consumption; in especially severe cases, this product is completely eliminated from the diet;
- There must be milk, vegetables and other alkaline foods on the table;
- if there are no contraindications (kidney disease, heart disease and some other diseases), then you need to significantly increase the amount of fluid consumed, which contributes to the rapid removal of uric acid salts from the body;
- it is necessary to minimize the amount of refractory fats and animal proteins;
- If the patient is obese, it is necessary to reduce the amount of carbohydrates in the diet.
Classic standard menu signed by the attending physician. There may be several food options. Food should be prepared as usual, food should be at normal temperature. Fish and meat should be boiled. Meat and mushroom broths need to be drained because they contain large amounts of purines.
When following such a diet, nutrition is normalized, purine metabolism in the body gradually stabilizes, and the amount of uric acid salts decreases. In addition, the patient will get rid of obesity over time, which also has a positive effect on health and improves quality of life. Joint pain disappears, inflammation decreases, thereby reducing the possibility of future recurrence.
Important!It is not necessary to self-medicate. Diet development should be done by a professional. Diet #6, although effective, may not be suitable for all patients. Much depends on the patient's age, the course of the disease and the presence of comorbidities. For example, if a person, in addition to gout, is also obese, then he may be prescribed diet number 8, which has more severe restrictions.
Diet for gout in men and women during exacerbation
In case of exacerbation of this pathology, it is necessary to adhere to diet number 6 for at least two weeks. Priority should be given to liquid foods. It is necessary to limit consumption of fatty meat, fish and poultry as much as possible.
The menu includes liquid porridge, vegetable soups and fermented milk products. Meals are divided into small portions. Long breaks between meals, overeating or fasting increase the likelihood of developing an attack. You can drink juice, jelly, mineral water, juice, weak tea.
Drinking regimen
How much and what type of water should you drink if you have gout? Total fluid intake should be at least 2 liters per day.
If the patient has complications in the form of urinary stones, it is recommended to drink alkaline mineral water or water supplemented with potassium bicarbonate. You can increase alkaline balance with the help of citrus fruits, as well as introduce a large amount of vegetable proteins into the diet in addition to animal proteins.
Quite often, drinking alcohol is one of the main causes of the disease. Therefore, you should completely avoid alcoholic beverages. Even dry red wine, which is allowed in small doses for other diseases, is prohibited for gout. Sometimes just a few sips of alcohol are enough for another episode of illness to appear. Cocoa, coffee and strong black tea are also completely banned.
In addition to cleansing the body of toxins, drinking plenty of water also improves kidney function and stimulates the dissolution of uric acid crystals and their elimination. This allows not only to improve the patient's health and well-being, but also to reduce the dosage of certain medications.
Sample menu for the week
Monday
- For breakfast, you can cook an omelet, bake or steam it, eat 150 grams of vegetable salad and a few slices of bread.
- For lunch, you can cook vegetable soup, eat some boiled or steamed low-fat fish.
- For dinner, prepare a vegetable stew with eggplant and zucchini, you can also eat a piece of bread.
Tuesday
- For breakfast, prepare oatmeal with dried or fresh fruit.
- For lunch, pilaf with lean, non-fried chicken fillet.
- For dinner, make a vegetable stew with potatoes and low-fat cheese baked in the oven. You can also eat a piece of bread.
Wednesday
- Breakfast: omelet with egg whites, carrot sauce and fruit, weak tea with milk.
- Lunch: thin rice soup, stewed cauliflower with milk, dried fruit jam.
- Dinner: pasta with sugar and cheese, gazpacho, kefir.
Thursday
- For breakfast, they prepare a cottage cheese salad with cucumbers, green onions and unsalted cheese, mixed with nut butter. You can eat a piece of bread. Wash everything with a decoction of rosehip.
- For lunch, you can cook pureed fish soup, make a salad with radishes and sour cream, eat 2 potatoes and drink broth.
- For dinner they eat porridge with milk. As a drink, chicory with milk.
Friday
- Breakfast: cheesecake cooked in the oven or cheese with sour cream, fruit.
- Lunch: vegetable sauce, durum wheat pasta, seafood.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge with lean fish baked in the oven.
Saturday
- For breakfast, they cook wheat porridge with water and eat dried fruit.
- Vegetable soup is prepared for lunch. You can also eat a piece of bread, a few pumpkin seeds.
- Dinner includes stewed vegetables, boiled eggs, and seafood.
Sunday
- Breakfast: natural yogurt, cheese sandwich, light tea.
- Lunch: soup with vegetables and barley, chips with sour cream.
- Dinner: a piece of boiled lean pork, salad with fresh vegetables, buckwheat porridge.