For gastritis, in addition to drug treatment, people also use other treatment methods - traditional treatments, diet.What can you eat on a gastritis diet to get such a therapeutic effect?
General information about diet for gastritis
Treatment of gastritis is often complex and includes, in addition to drug treatment, various diets.Diet for gastritis is of great importance, since dry food, on-the-go snacks (sausages, pizza, etc.), irregular meals, too cold or hot foods and lots of spices can make gastritis worse.
Gastroenterologists prescribe diet and drug treatment for gastritis depending on the type of disease, unpleasant symptoms and the cause that led to the onset of the disease.Patients may experience pain, a feeling of heaviness and burning in the epigastric area, a feeling of fullness, a feeling of hunger after eating, belching, vomiting, increased salivation, decreased appetite and indigestion.
Diet for gastritis, especially in the acute stage, should not contain foods that irritate the stomach.What diet should you follow?The prescribed diet depends on the severity of the exacerbation (attack) in the patient;In addition, the type of diet depends on the level of stomach acidity.
If you have gastritis, eliminate the following foods from your diet:
- any broth;
- animal fat;
- fried and spicy foods;
- smoked meat, any snacks;
- fatty meat and fish;
- pickled vegetables and pickles;
- mushrooms (due to digestive difficulties);
- some cereals - corn, millet, barley, pearl barley;
- fresh berries;
- fermented milk drinks, sour cream;
- some vegetables and spices - onions, garlic, radishes, radishes, white cabbage;
- vinegar, ketchup, mayonnaise, pepper, spices, sauces;
- some drinks - strong coffee, tea, undiluted sour fruit juices, carbonated.
During the period of exacerbation of the disease, nutrition in the diet will contribute to remission of the disease, therefore, foods that have a strong influence on the excretion process and act as stimulants will be eliminated from the diet.
The product causes irritation to mucous membranes
Mechanical stimulation is due to:
- rich tables;
- eating cartilage, tough meat, and poultry skin;
- consume significant amounts of crude fiber, found in beans, radishes, raisins, currants, grapes, gooseberries and bran bread.
Fried foods have the maximum mechanical effect on the gastric mucosa.To a lesser extent, this effect is promoted by dishes prepared by baking in the oven or using a double boiler.
Chemical irritation occurs due to products from the following list:
- broth, decoction of vegetables and mushrooms;
- variety of spices;
- canned foods;
- fried and smoked foods (meat and fish);
- pickled vegetables, pickles, pickles;
- hard-boiled eggs;
- ketchup;
- rye bread, cakes, pastries made from butter dough - pies, cakes, pies, cookies;
- fermented milk products;
- unripe sour fruit;
- some raw vegetables - onions, garlic, radishes, radishes;
- certain drinks - strong coffee, tea, alcoholic and carbonated drinks.
The chemical effect that food can have on the digestive tract is indicated by the presence in it of extractive substances, organic acids, table salt, water-soluble sugars and essential oils.
Thermal irritation is caused by too hot or very cold food - dishes with a temperature below 15 ° and above 57-62 ° C cause discomfort, and cold food on an empty stomach increases intestinal motility.The most acceptable food temperature is around 37-38°C.
The diet is selected according to the quality ingredients, the method of culinary processing of the product (heat treatment - frying, boiling, steaming, baking) and the degree of grinding.
Eat lightly and abstain from food
A gentle diet, in addition to eliminating irritants, also provides small portioned meals, which facilitates digestion and absorption of food.It is best to eat pureed, warm, not rough dishes that have the same effect as juice - milk, milk porridge, eggs, boiled lean fish, steamed meat.
Sometimes it is advisable to fast, since the consumption of any food increases the secretion of hydrochloric acid.When fasting for a short period of time, the acidity of the stomach is reduced, the production of saliva, bile and intestinal motility are also reduced.
The greatest effect of fasting days is observed during the period of exacerbation of the disease, when complete abstinence from food is alternated with the consumption of light food.With this eating schedule, toxins and waste will leave the body faster.But there are contraindications to fasting - it should not be used for severe weight loss, loss of appetite, when carrying a child and should not be used in children.
Fasting should not begin immediately with a complete refusal of food.First, they switch to light food (for example, kefir), spend 5 days on such a light diet and then switch to fasting.
Fasting can have two options: with the first option (dry fasting), drinking water is prohibited, the second option allows drinking carbonated mineral water or simply boiled water.On the second day you are allowed to drink weak tea, this lasts 4-5 days.Coming out of a hunger strike starts with drinking rice water and crackers.Then they began to eat liquid boiled oatmeal, rice porridge and semolina, made with water or with a small amount of milk.It is good to eat soup with mucus or cereal juice with the soup of the day.The consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits is excluded.
Separate food
Nutritional options when the diet does not allow the simultaneous intake of fats, proteins and carbohydrates are called separate meals.For example, meat should not be eaten with a lot of starch and green vegetables.Green vegetables can be combined with many types of foods: fats, proteins, grains.Confectionery products (flour) and sugar are consumed separately from all foods to avoid fermentation, acid reflux, heartburn.
By adhering to individual nutritional principles, you can normalize digestion, metabolism in the body and lose weight.Properly combined food will be absorbed faster, will not cause fermentation and will not form toxic substances in the blood.
Food output speed
To easily digest and eliminate food from the body, do not consume liquid and solid foods at the same time.Liquid and mushy foods leave the stomach faster than solid foods, so during the diet you should increase the speed of food movement.
Prunes and raisins stay in the stomach for an exceptionally long time;If gastritis gets worse, they should not be used for the first few months.
It also affects the speed at which food moves and its type - protein, carbohydrate or fat.Carbohydrates leave the body the fastest, followed by proteins, and only fats last the longest.Fats have little effect on the production of gastric juice, but they increase the time food stays in the stomach, because fats are difficult to break down - the longer food remains in the stomach, the stronger the hydrochloric acid released.During periods of exacerbation of the disease, fats should be avoided.
Purpose of the diet
When prescribing a diet, many factors will be taken into account, including concurrent diseases of the gallbladder, pancreas and intestines.If you are prone to diarrhea, diet number 4 is prescribed;if there are symptoms of cholecystitis or chronic pancreatitis, diet number 5 is prescribed (with the exception of whole milk and a reduction in fresh vegetables and fruits).The duration of the diet is also selected individually.A strict diet is prescribed in the acute period that is maintained for 1-2 months.But the basic rules of proper nutrition must be followed for many years.
The prescribed diet also depends on the form and type of course of the disease.In case of acute, erosive (ulcer) gastritis and exacerbation of chronic gastritis, a strict diet is prescribed;During remission, the diet is slightly expanded.For any type of gastritis (superficial, hypertrophic, paraatrophic, hyperplastic, hemorrhagic, catarrhal, localized, mixed reflux gastritis, etc.), alcohol, smoking, fatty, fried and spicy foods are strictly prohibited.
With gastritis, the goal is to restore the normal functioning of the stomach, regenerate affected areas of the mucosa, normalize acidity and activity of digestive enzymes.
What can you eat if you have acute gastritis?
In acute form of gastritis, the first day should not be eaten;You are allowed to drink tea and mineral water.From day 2, you can eat by introducing into the diet: liquid porridge (preferably oatmeal), mashed potatoes (liquid with water), soft-boiled eggs, jelly.A strict diet is required during the exacerbation phase;As symptoms subside, the diet is expanded.With low acidity, you should eat more foods that help excrete hydrochloric acid;With high acidity, the opposite is true.
| Soothe the stomach | They act unpleasantly |
| Non-carbonated mineral water, weak tea | Alcoholic and carbonated drinks |
| Weak vegetable soup | Coffee, cocoa (low fat) |
| Porridge | Savory dish |
| Lean meat and fish cooked thoroughly | All fried, pickled, smoked dishes |
| Pureed vegetables (potatoes, rutabaga, carrots, cauliflower) | Rich broth |
| Fresh cheese | Canned foods, spices |
| Fresh white bread | whole wheat bread |
| Road | Eggs (yolks only) |
Diet for chronic gastritis
In this case, diet number 2 is prescribed.Food should be diverse in ingredients;The diet should include foods that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and increase appetite, which is reduced in such patients.
Allowed and prohibited products for chronic gastritis:
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Lean meat or fish, soup with low-fat broth (meat or fish) | Fatty meat and fish |
| Pickled herring, caviar (black) | Cold drinks |
| Boiled, stewed, grilled vegetables, herbs - dill, parsley | fresh bread |
| Fruit and vegetable juices, soft apples | Pastry products |
| Soft boiled eggs, cheese (mild), lean meat | Lots of grapes or cabbage |
| Old rye bread | Salty and spicy dishes |
| Thin porridge with water or a little milk | Milk |
Since patients with this form of gastritis often do not tolerate milk well, it is recommended to consume fermented milk products (kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt) - fresh and in the form of casseroles or puddings.
Features of the diet for acid-deficient gastritis
Eating should occur at least 5 times a day.Therapeutic nutrition is carried out for 2-3 months after the acute stage.It would be good to supplement your diet with vitamin and mineral supplements.
In this case, at the beginning of an exacerbation, one must follow a strict diet, the purpose of which is to alleviate the exacerbation.Then they begin to stimulate the secretion of gastric juice.The diet prescribed for people with low acidity is diet number 2.
Table of allowed and prohibited products for patients with low acidity (acid-reducing gastritis):
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Rabbit meat, chicken, lean meat in the form of meatballs, meatballs, cutlets | Fried food, grilled food |
| Lean fish, fish soup | Alcoholic beverages |
| Meat broths, soups - vegetables, fruits, beans | Salty, spicy and seasoned dishes (horseradish, pepper, mustard, garlic) |
| Vegetable purees, stews, salads from beets, carrots, potatoes, zucchini (except spinach and sorrel) | mushroom |
| Sour cream, kefir, milk, cottage cheese, cheesecake, diluted cream, a little butter, mild cheese, steamed omelet, soft-boiled eggs | Raw meat, fatty meat, pork |
| Fruit juice (except grape juice), juice, decoction of rosehip, blackcurrant | Raw vegetables, including radishes, radishes, onions, fresh cucumbers, sweet peppers, rutabaga, cabbage;salted vegetables |
| Weak tea (with milk), lemon juice and sugar | Grape juice and whole grapes, prunes, raisins |
| White biscuits, dry biscuits | Fresh bread, cakes |
| Porridge | Smoked products (meat and fish) |
| Jelly meat | Milk |
| Sweet berries (raspberries, strawberries) and fruit purees;jam, compote, jelly | Legumes, cereals – pearl barley, corn, barley, millet |
| macaroni | Okroshka |
You should drink mineral water 20-30 minutes before meals.
The diet is carried out for about 3 weeks, it all depends on how you feel.After reducing inflammation, you can gradually begin to stimulate the production of hydrochloric acid - cook richer meat broth, sometimes serve salted cucumbers or a piece of herring for lunch, you can eat sandwiches with granulated caviar.To stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, half an hour before meals you should drink lemon juice diluted with water (0.5 cups).
Fried foods are allowed but not breaded.It would be good to start taking bitters from herbs - to increase appetite and taste.Drinking kumiss has an excretory effect;Drinking kvass is not harmful, but you should not get carried away because it enhances the process of gas formation.You can also drink coffee, but no more than 1 cup per day.
Further, the diet is expanded and the consumption of cocoa, kefir and strong tea is allowed.If you feel well, the diet will expand after a few months - you can eat almost everything, but do not abuse salt, spices, cabbage and grapes.Hot dishes must be present at breakfast and lunch.
Sample menu for more severe stages of gastritis:
- breakfast– weak tea with milk and oatmeal;
- Monday breakfast– apples (grilled);
- lunch– steamed cutlet with side dishes of buckwheat porridge, broth with meatballs;
- dinner– pureed vegetables, cheese (can be used with jam);
- before going to bed:a glass of kefir with white crackers.
Diet for hyperacid gastritis
When you have acid-secreting gastritis, you need to eat at certain times, divided into small portions, 5-6 times a day.It is important to chew food thoroughly - crushed food does not damage the mucous membrane, and during chewing, more gastric juice and saliva are secreted, which help digest food.All dishes should be seasoned and salted to a minimum.
During the first few weeks, the diet is almost the same as a low-acidity diet.The difference is that with highly acidic gastritis, it is helpful to consume more dairy and milk products to normalize high acidity.
If milk causes flatulence or diarrhea, it can be diluted - drunk, added to tea.If this does not help, it will be replaced by slimy soup.
All food must be pureed, heated, and chopped.A few weeks later, after a strict diet, foods that have little effect on the synthesis of gastric juice are added.The principle of dividing meals also remains the same.The diet should be rich in protein to restore stomach cells.
For acid-secreting gastritis, diet number 1 should be used (very good for weight loss).Then - diet 1A for up to 10 days, after - diet 1B and number 1 (up to several months).
List of allowed and prohibited products:
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Boiled lean meat: rabbit, chicken, pigeon.Dishes are made from them, boiled in water or steamed, in the form of meatballs, cutlets, soups | Spicy, smoked and fried (or grilled) dishes, sausages, sausages |
| Low-fat fish - cod, pink salmon, cod and other seafood | Rich broth from meat and fish |
| Pureed vegetables, mashed vegetables - young beans, potatoes, beets, carrots;fresh cabbage juice | Coffee, tea, carbonated and alcoholic drinks, kvass, beer |
| Fruit jelly, jelly, puree (strawberry, raspberry, apple) | Cranberry juice, tart or citrus fruits |
| Porridge boiled in water - semolina, rice, oatmeal | Tomatoes, garlic, onions, radishes, radishes, peppers, cabbage |
| Milk, fresh cheese | Mustard, ginger |
| Steamed omelets, soft-boiled eggs, milk, cream, cottage cheese, casseroles made from cheese | Beans, chocolate |
| Viscous soup with added pureed cereals, pureed milk porridge from different cereals (except millet) | Marinade, pickles, spices, salt |
| White bread | Fermented milk products |
| Sugar, honey | Coffee, alcoholic beverages |
| Rosehip decoction with sugar, tea (with milk or cream) | whole wheat bread |
One hour before meals, you should drink Borjomi alkaline mineral water (1 glass).
Dried crackers are allowed to replace fresh black bread.It is recommended to add vegetable oil to dishes to accelerate the healing process of mucosal damage that occurs with this type of gastritis.
Menu for severe conditions:
- breakfast - steamed omelet, pureed milk porridge (oatmeal), tea with milk;
- second breakfast - milk with crackers;
- lunch - pureed soup from a mixture of potatoes and carrots, steamed meat cutlets with a side dish of mashed potatoes, fruit jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of milk.
- dinner - boiled fish with a side dish of pureed carrots and radishes, tea with milk;
- at night - a glass of milk.
Food recipes
For ease of preparation, they draw up an approximate menu of dietary dishes for the week, taking into account the allowed foods.It is very convenient and complies with the rules of gentle cooking methods when preparing dishes in a slow cooker.
Mucus soup is used during periods of exacerbation and pain.Milk soup is used in diets 1A and 1B.Usually these are cereal soups prepared from milk diluted with water (1:1).Pureed soup is prepared with cereals, potatoes and carrots added, then everything is pureed and a little oil is added.
To prepare main dishes, it is better to use the cooking method (steaming or water bath).Here's how to make omelets, puddings, sauces, and more.The meat is boiled into small pieces (to remove the extract), then the broth is drained and the meat is cooked in new water.
Sample recipes from foods allowed on the diet:
first course
Cream of squash and fennel soup
Boil the zucchini and potatoes and put them in a blender to puree.Bring to desired texture with vegetable broth, salt, extra cream and chopped dill.
Sticky rice soup with minced chicken (breast) and cream
Boiled chicken fillet is ground in a blender.Puree, mix with rice water, add a little salt and boil.Cool the soup to 70°C, add the egg cream mixture and whisk well.
Second course:
Turkish cutlets
Minced turkey is salted, butter and bread soaked in milk are added.Form cutlets and steam them.
Delicious diet desserts:
Rice pudding with apples
Cook porridge, add grated apple, yolks and sugar.Beat the mixture well and add the whipped egg whites.Place in mold and steam for at least half an hour.The finished pudding is filled with fruit jelly.
Curd souffle
Whip the cheese, yolks, semolina, milk and cream.Whipped egg whites are added to the mixture and gently mixed.The mass is obtained in steamed form.