Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.Upon exposure to certain etiological factors, proteolytic enzyme synthesis is activated, leading to pancreatic cell damage.This article points out the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of a nutritional diet as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, intense pain and, if not treated promptly, can cause painful shock.Pain localized in the stomach pit area or a feeling of tightness.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypotension or hypertension) are observed and the patient's general condition worsens.It becomes pale and then the skin turns an earthy gray color.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to the enlarged gland compressing the bile duct.
Patients also reported dry mouth.They hiccup and burp, and nausea begins to bother them.During the acute phase, persistent vomiting is observed.Loss of electrolytes leads to sweating, difficulty breathing, and a yellow tongue.The stool becomes foamy, contains food residue, and has a foul odor.On the contrary, sometimes there is constipation and flatulence.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of blue spots around the navel.With further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he needs to be immediately taken to the hospital.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease becomes more severe, the patient must be hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (which stop swelling of the pancreas and help quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), analgesics, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy will be carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, the patient is prescribed fasting.Only mineral water or rosehip decoction is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods will gradually be introduced into the diet, excluding foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Diet therapy
It is developed according to the patient's condition.Diet when acute inflammation subsides includes:
- Provides the body with physiological amounts of protein, lipids, and carbohydrate compounds;
- increase vitamin intake;
- reduce the amount or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal lining;
- completely refuse smoked, spicy, salty foods, alcohol, spices and canned foods;
- diet for pancreatitis includes cutting or grinding food, the temperature should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs must be eliminated as much as possible;
- Meals should be frequent, but always divided into small portions;In case of severe pain, fasting treatment is allowed for 1 - 2 days;
- with pancreatitis and gastritis, refusal of food can relieve irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized product
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, cheese and non-acidic yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, veal) in soufflé or puree form;
- pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- Mashed vegetables must first be boiled or baked;
- Crackers or slightly dry bread;
- vegetarian soup;
- steamed omelet;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fat;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- On the fruit side, you are allowed to eat unsweetened baked apples;
- The best drink to drink is rose water.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet will be slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may be as follows:
Option 1
- 200 g mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 g mashed rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g cheese;
- pureed vegetable soup with toast, steamed meat soup, 200 g buckwheat porridge;
- Protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, cooked;
- 250 g fish cake and tea;
- curd (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, you can add milk;
- 100 g cheese;
- rolled oatmeal soup (about 250 g), as well as meat soup (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- fresh cheese souffle;
- a glass of curd.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat soup, tea;
- cheese;
- oatmeal and cutlet soup (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apples;
- egg white omelet;
- meatballs (110 g), pureed carrots;
- curdled milk.
Dietary meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can serve as the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein-rich foods.Meat dishes should not be stewed or grilled, but should be boiled or steamed.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it should only be added to cooked cereals and taken in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.Also, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Products made from rye flour are also prohibited.
What should the calorie content of the dish be?
Every day, the patient should receive about 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g are easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of food consumed in an average day is 2600 kilocalories.To accurately calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, the content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.With its help, the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis but also with other diseases requiring proper nutrition is compiled.
Traditional treatment methods
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.Treatment should last 14 days, after which you need to take a 10-day break and use the product again.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- The infusion of dill and fennel is very useful.
- It will be useful to drink mumiyo solution every evening for 10 consecutive days, one hour after eating (calculated as 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) in the evening, after dissolving it in 100 ml of warm milk.
To stop the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are marigold flowers, marshmallow roots, blueberry leaves, pea pods, cactus roots, wormwood and mint leaves.
The following remedy will help speed up your recovery.You need to put a kilogram of lemon, parsley root and garlic (300 g each) in a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.For chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory roots, pour boiling water, bring to a boil, then cool, filter and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above remedies, patients are encouraged to perform special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently pull your stomach in, then relax the abdominal muscles.Then you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and tense your abdomen strongly and then relax.The exercise should be performed in a lying position three times a day, performing from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis you should not use traditional methods, because the patient needs immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.